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Table 1 Description of surface types used in the experiments

From: Terrain traversability prediction for off-road vehicles based on multi-source transfer learning

Surface domain

Description

Rough sand

Dry silica sand loosened and left in a rough surface condition

Loose sand

Dry silica sand loosened and then slightly leveled

Compacted sand

Dry silica sand loosened, then compacted and leveled

Small rocks

Small volcanic rocks randomly and densely arranged on sand

Gravel

Small pieces of river gravel

Gravel with sand

Mixture of gravel and dry sand

Sand over bedrock

Silica sand accumulated over flagstones with \(\sim\)2 cm depth

Sand-covered bedrock

Flagstones covered with millimeter-layer of silica sand

Bedrock

Textured flagstones arranged without large gaps between each