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Table 2 Risk assessment table 2

From: A SafeML extension for a unified risk assessment to diverse service robots

Scenario

At the ticket gate (the number of people varies), Risk Assessment of a package transfer robot against the change of the number of surrounding people

Hazard

Although the kinematic energy of movement is sufficiently low, a train station is a public place; hence, the avoidance of collisions is highly required

Harm

Secondary accident after a collision between a human and robot

Harm Context

Robot starts moving when the station is crowded and hits a person

Defence

When the station is crowded, the robot waits in a waiting area