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Table 2 Mean laps

From: An immersive micro-manipulation system using real-time 3D imaging microscope and 3D operation interface for high-speed and accurate micro-manipulation

Condition

Image presentation

Operation interface

A

B

C

D

E

all

(a)

2D

Joystick

1.8

2.2

2.1

3.4

0.8

2.1

(b)

3D

Joystick

3.5

3.7

2.8

4.7

2.5

3.4

(c)

2D

Pen-type

7.2

2.9

3.8

4.3

3.4

4.3

(d)

3D

Pen-type

12.6

9.5

6.6

8.9

7.4

9.0

(e)

2D

Glove-type

4.0

4.2

4.3

5.7

5.5

4.7

(f)

3D

Glove-type

12.2

12.7

10.1

20.4

6.4

12.4