Modulus | Value | Unit | Name of parameters | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
c | 762 | \(\mathrm {(N/m^2)}\) | Soil cohesion | [31] |
\(C_a\) | 762 | \(\mathrm {(N/m^2)}\) | Soil-tool adhesion | [31] |
\(c_w\) | 0 | \(\mathrm {(N/m^2)}\) | Soil-wheel adhesion | – |
g | 9.81 | (\(\mathrm {m/s^2}\)) | Earth gravity | – |
\(k_c\) | 1000 | (\(\mathrm {N/m^{(n+1)}}\)) | Soil modulus of deformation depend on c | Decided by experiment |
\(k_\phi \) | 500000 | (\(\mathrm {N/m^{(n+2)}}\)) | Internal friction angle modulus | Decided by experiment |
n | 1.1 | (–) | Sinkage ratio | Decided by experiment |
q | Measured | \(\mathrm {(N/m^2)}\) | Surcharge on the soil surface | Measured by experiment |
\(\delta \) | 15 | \(\mathrm {(^\circ )}\) | External friction angle | Decided by plate towing experiment |
\(\beta \) | 90 | \(\mathrm {(^\circ )}\) | Rake angle | – |
\(\gamma \) | 1430 | (\(\mathrm {kg/m^3}\)) | Soil density | Measured by experiment |
\(\phi \) | 22.3 | (\(^\circ \)) | Internal friction angle | [31] |